Research on the detection algorithm of electrocardiogram characteristic wave based on energy segmentation and stationary wavelet transform / 生物医学工程学杂志

The detection of electrocardiogram (ECG) characteristic wave is the basis of cardiovascular disease analysis and heart rate variability analysis. In order to solve the problems of low detection accuracy and poor real-time performance of ECG signal in the state of motion, this paper proposes a detection algorithm based on segmentation energy and stationary wavelet transform (SWT). Firstly, the energy of ECG signal is calculated by segmenting, and the energy candidate peak is obtained after moving average to detect QRS complex. Secondly, the QRS amplitude is set to zero and the fifth component of SWT is used to locate P wave and T wave. The experimental results show that compared with other algorithms, the algorithm in this paper has high accuracy in detecting QRS complex in different motion states. It only takes 0.22 s to detect QSR complex of a 30-minute ECG record, and the real-time performance is improved obviously. On the basis of QRS complex detection, the accuracy of P wave and T wave detection is higher than 95%. The results show that this method can improve the efficiency of ECG signal detection, and provide a new method for real-time ECG signal classification and cardiovascular disease diagnosis.

The research of sentinel lymph node biopsy after neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer patients / 中华肿瘤杂志

With the extensive use of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB), some breast cancer patients could avoid axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) and its complications. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy plays an important role in the multimodality therapies of breast cancer. After neoadjuvant chemotherapy, some patients with breast cancer were down-staged from positive axillary lymph node (cN+ ) to clinically negative (cN0). For these patients, the feasibility and safety of sentinel lymph node biopsy remains controversial. However, with the application of new technologies, SLNB is expected to become the main treatment for breast cancer patients with stage cN0 after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Effect and clinical significance of immunological state upon telomerase activation of bone marrow mononuclear cells in hemopoietic microenvironment of immune related hematocytopenia (IRHS) / 中国免疫学杂志

Objective:To study the effect of immunological molecules expressive state upon the telomerase activation ( TA) of bone marrow mononuclear cells ( BMMNC ) in the hemopoietic microenvironment of patients with immune related hematocytopenia ( IRHS) ,and to explore the immunologic mechanism as well as the clinical significance of hematoclasis in marrow of IRHS patients .Methods:①TRAP-PCR-ELISA method was performed to detect the TA of BMMNC in marrow of 366 IRHS patients before and after therapy.②The molecules HLA-DR,anti-hunman IgG,FcγⅡR,mannose receptor ( MR),IL-17A and its receptor ( IL-17AR) were analysed by immunochemistry and immunofluorescence staining .③The flow cytometric ( FCM) was used to analyse the proportion of CD3+CD4+T cells as well as CD3+CD8+T cells ,CD3-CD19+B cells and CD3-CD16/56+NK cells in peripheral blood lymphocyte.60 cases of health examination were selected as the control group , and 30 cases hypoferric anemia patients were selected as disease control.The differences between patient group and control group were analysed with statistic method .Immunochemistry and immunofluo-rescence staining were performed to in situ analyze the activation-characteristics of immunocyte in bone marrow slides of IRHS ,and the dependablity of cellular immunologic injury was also checked.Results: ①The levels of TA was 0.261 7 ±0.021 6 before treatment , higher than the disease control group (0.061 6±0.031 3 ,P<0.01).Among of them HLA-B27+patients were higher than HLA-B27-patients (0.301 3±0.020 6 vs.0.192 3±0.012 9,P<0.05).Serious IRP patients with HLA-B27+IgG+were obviously higher than HLA-B27-IgG+patients (0.401 6±0.017 2 vs.0.221 1±0.011 0,P<0.01).②In marrow of HLA-B27+IgG+patients,both cell immunity and humoral immunity were in disorder in the hemopoietic microenvironment ,and immonocyte in marrow expressed HLA-DR, FcγⅡR,IL-17A,IL-17RA and MR,and Th,Ts,B cell and NK cell in peripheral blood increased in different degree ,inducing the in-flammation of haemocyte and lead to destruction.③Humoral immunity was in the dominant level in morrow;humoral immunity of HLA-B27-IgG+patients,immonocyte expressed FcγⅡR in high level,but IL-17A was seldom expressed,only CD19+B cell was increased slightly ,the antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity ( ADCC) was the main mode of destruction.After therapy glucocorticoids associated with ciclosporin A ,the TA level of BMMNC decreased to 0 with devitalization.Conclusion: The telomerase activation of bone marrow mononuclear cells in IRHS is related with the immune state of hemopoietic microenvironment and the pathologic lesion degree of hema -topoietic cell in marrow.It is viral infection and immunological activation as well as a variety of inflammatory factors play a part in the immunologic injury that might be an important factor of the enhancement in TA.

The immunological effect of anti-leukemic tumor induced by eosinophilic granulocyte / 中华内科杂志

Objective To investigate the biological effect of anti-leukemic cells induced by eosinophilic granulocyte (EOS) in bone marrow of patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML).Methods The BCR-ABL fusion gene as well as the expression of IL-12 and IL-17 mRNA were performed by RT-PCR.The serum concentrations of cytokine IL-12 and IL-17 were determined by enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA).Immunochemistry staining and cytochemistry staining were used to observe the peroxydase (POX) and human Leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR expression of EOS in bone marrow.Immunofluorescence staining was used to observe mannose receptor (MR),IL-12,IL-17A and IL-17receptor A (IL-17RA) expression of EOS.The results between the CML patients and the healthy controls were compared.Results Serum levels of IL-12 and IL-17 were higher in the 60 CML patients [(196.33 ±21.79) ng/L and (36.55-±3.01) ng/L] than those in the controls [(96.60 ±4.92) ng/L and (23.74 ±1.36) ng/L].In the 32 patients with activated EOS,the levels of IL-12 and IL-17 were (273.12 ± 17.16)ng/L and (40.11 ± 6.13) ng/L,which were significantly higher than those in the non-activated EOS [(126.16 ± 14.27) ng/L and (28.14 ±5.29) ng/L] (P values ＜0.01).IL-12 and IL-17 mRNA were expressed in activated EOS,while BCR-ABL fusion gene was not found.The amounts of EOS were increased abnormally in the bone marrow and peripheral blood of the CML patients with POX positive staining in the cytoplasm and weakly positive HLA-DR staining.It was observed easily by a microscope that EOS could attack leukemic cells in bone marrow through adhesion,capture and phagocytosis.Activated EOS could express IL-12,IL-17A and MR,which was related with the serum levels of these cytokines.Conclusions Activated EOS in bone marrow of CML patients could express IL-12 and IL-17.Activated EOS could induce coup injury to leukemic cell by releasing POX and expressing IL-12 and IL-17.It can also capture or swallow target cells via the expression of MR on the membrane.EOS may play an important role in the anti-tumor immunologic function in bone marrow of CML patients.

Enhancement of antigen presenting function of dendritic cells by IL-2 gene modification and its mechanism / 中华血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of IL-2 gene modification enhancement of the antigen-presenting function of the mouse bone marrow derived dendritic cells and on the activation of CTL induced by MHC class I molecule restricted antigen peptides as well as the related immunological mechanisms.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>DCs were prepared from mouse bone marrow and modified by recombinant IL-2 adenovirus (DC-IL-2). The IL-12 and IFN-gamma levels in culture supernatant of DC and CTL were examined by ELISA, the expression of costimulatory molecules and fluorescent intensity of endocytosis of OVA-FITC in DC by FACS, the capacity of presenting 3LL cell tumor antigen by (3)H-TdR incorporation method, the MHC class I-restricted tumor-antigen-peptide Mut1 of 3LL cells pulsed DC-IL-2 to induce CTL cytotoxicity by (51)Cr 4-hr releasing assay.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After IL-2 gene modification, DC-IL-2 could produce high level of IL-12 [(78.4 +/- 6.6) pg.(1 x 10(6) cells)(-1).ml(-1)]. The expression of costimulatory molecules on DC-IL-2 was increased, the fluorescent intensity of DC captured OVA-FITC was enhanced, and the proliferation of allo-T cells from 3LL bearing mouse pulsed with Mut1 was also enhanced. Mut1 antigen peptide pulsed DC-IL-2 could induce more potent antigen-specific CTL cytotoxicity and excrete high concentration of IFN-gamma [(1 168 +/- 58.4) pg/ml] in vivo.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>IL-2 gene modification of DC can activate second signal for DC presenting antigen, and enhance the function for capturing and presenting tumor antigen. DC-IL-2 pulsed with MHC class I restricted tumor-antigen-peptide can induce specific anti-tumor immune response more effectively. Owing to IL-2 gene modification, the functions of IL-12 excretion and T cell activation of DC were promoted, so that the capacity of CTL excreting IFN-gamma was enhanced, which are relevant to the immune mechanism.</p>

The affection to lymphocyte subsets in the draining lymphoid node and immune pro tected effect from the MHC class I antigen peptides pulsed DCs with IL-2 gene m odified immunized mice / 中国免疫学杂志

Objective:To investigate the specific immune act ivated effects in the mouse immunized by MHC I-restriced tumor antigen peptide pulsed dendritic cells(DC) with IL-2 gene modified.Methods:DC were transfected with IL-2 gene via adenovirus vector(DC-IL-2) the mRNA of mIL-2 was examined by RT-PCR.Syngeneic mice were immunized by DC-IL-2 pul sed with MHC-I-restricted Mutl tumor antigen peptiede of 3LL Lewis lung carcin oma (DC-IL-2-Mutl),the effects of lymphocyte subsets in the draining lymphoid node from the tumor antigen pulsed DCs with gene modified immunized mice by flo w-cytometric analysis(FACS) analysis.Results:The mRNA of mIL-2 was expressed in the DCs.The ratio of CD8+T cells was hosted in the dra ining lymphoid node from Mutl pulsed DCs(DC-Mutl) immunized mice.The ratio of C D8+T cells and NK cells were all hosted obviously in the draining lymphoid nod e from DC-IL-2-Mutl immunized mice .Conclusion:Immunized mice with DC-IL-2-Mutl can induce the mouse specific antitumor immunized affect in vivo and can activate a variety of immunized effect in the mouse.

The effect of IL-2 gene modification on the biologic character and function in den-dritic ceIls / 中国免疫学杂志

To observe the effect of IL-2 gene modification on the character of biology and function in dendritic cells( DC) and to investigate the immune mechanism of specific anti-tumor of IL-2 gene modification in DC. Methods: DCs were prepared from mouse bone marrow and genetically modified by IL-2 adenovirus. Then observe the changes of DC morphology by scanning electro-microscopy, analyzed molecules on DC by FACS, examined the expression of IFN-? mRNA in DC by RT-PCR.The stimulatory capacity of DC to T cells detected by MLR their capacity of antigen present were measured by 3H-TdR mix into assay. Results: After IL-2 gene modification, the morphology of DC was changed, its pseudopod was more and longer. The expression of Ia, B7-1, B7-2 and CD40 molecules was more on DC surface. The IFN-7 mRNA was expressed in the DC-EL-2 and DC-rhIL-2.DC-IL-2 could stimulate allogeneic T cells more potently and IL-2 gene-modified DC could induce more potent antigen-specific autogeneic CTL. Cooclusioo: IL-2 genetic modification can promote DC growth and up regulate their expression of membrane immune molecules that are relevant for antigen presentation of DC,and enhanced the biologic activity of the DC.